【英語】初中英語易混詞匯辨析（全了），收藏記憶！

1. clothes, cloth, clothingclothes統(tǒng)指各種衣服，謂語動(dòng)詞永遠(yuǎn)是復(fù)數(shù)

cloth指布，為不可數(shù)名詞

clothing服裝的總稱，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of

2. incident, accidentincident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故

He was killed in the accident.

3. amount, numberamount后接不可數(shù)名詞，

number后接可數(shù)名詞 a number of students

4. sound, voice, noisesound自然界各種各樣的聲音，

voice人的嗓音，

noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.

5. photo, picture, drawingphoto用照相機(jī)拍攝的照片，

picture可指相片，圖片，電影片，

drawing畫的畫

Let's go and see a good picture.

6. weather, climateweather一天內(nèi)具體的天氣狀況，

climate長(zhǎng)期的氣候狀況

The climate here is not good for you.

7. road, street, path, wayroad具體的公路，馬路，

street街道，

path小路，小徑，

way道路，途徑take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum.

8. course, subjectcourse課程（可包括多門科目），

subject科目（具體的學(xué)科）a summer course

9. custom, habitcustom傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗，習(xí)俗，也可指生活習(xí)慣，后接to do，

habit生活習(xí)慣，習(xí)慣成自然，后接of doing.

I've got the habit of drinking a lot.

10. cause, reasoncause指造成某一事實(shí)或現(xiàn)象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，

reason用來解釋某種現(xiàn)象或結(jié)果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late

11. exercise, exercises, practiceexercise運(yùn)動(dòng)，鍛煉（不可數(shù)），

exercises練習(xí)（可數(shù)），

practice（反復(fù)做的）練習(xí) Practice makes perfect.

12. class, lesson作"課"解時(shí),兩者可以替換.指課文用lesson.

指班級(jí)或全體學(xué)生用class. lesson 6; class 5

13. speech, talk, lecturespeech指在公共場(chǎng)所所做的經(jīng)過準(zhǔn)備的較正式的演說，

talk日常生活中的一般的談話，講話，

lecture學(xué)術(shù)性的演講，講課 a series of lecture on…

14. work, job二者均指工作。work不可數(shù)，job可數(shù)a good job

15. couple, paircouple主要指人或動(dòng)物，

pair多指由兩部分組成的東西 a pair of trousers

16. country, nation, state, landcountry側(cè)重指版圖，疆域，nation指人民，國民，民族，state側(cè)重指政府，政體，land國土，國家

The whole nation was sad at the news.

17. cook, cookercook廚師，cooker廚具 He is a good cook.

18. damage, damagesdamage不可數(shù)名詞,損害，損失; damages復(fù)數(shù)形式,賠償金 $900 damages

19. police, policemanpolice警察的總稱，后接復(fù)數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞，policeman指某個(gè)具體的警察

The police are questioning everyone in the house.

20. problem, questionproblem常和困難連系，前面的動(dòng)詞常為think about, solve, raise，question常和疑問連系，多和ask, answer連用

21. trip, journey, travel

travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍長(zhǎng)的旅途， a three-day trip

22. sport, gamesport多指戶外的游戲或娛樂活動(dòng)，如打球，游泳，打獵，賽馬等；

game指決定勝負(fù)的游戲，通常有一套規(guī)則 His favorite sport is swimming.

23. price, prizeprice價(jià)格，prize獎(jiǎng)，獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)金

win the first prize The price is high/low.

24. a number of, the number ofa number of許多，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。

the number of…的數(shù)目，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

The number of students is increasing.

25. in front of, in the front ofin front of范圍外的前面，

in the front of范圍內(nèi)的前面

In the front of the room sits a boy.

26. for a moment, for the momentfor a moment片刻，一會(huì)兒，

for the moment暫時(shí)，一時(shí)

Thinking for a moment, he agreed.

27. next year, the next yearnext year將來時(shí)間狀語，the next year過去將來時(shí)間狀語

He said he would go abroad the next year.

28. more than a year, more than one yearmore than a year一年多，more than one year超過一年（兩年或三年等）

29. take advice, take the(one's) advicetake advice征求意見，take the advice接受忠告

He refused to take the advice and failed again.

30. take air, take the air

take air傳播，走漏，take the air到戶外去，散步

31. in a word, in wordsin a word總之，一句話，

in words口頭上 In a word, you are right.

32. in place of, in the place ofin place of代替，in the place of在…地方

A new building is built in the place of the old one.

33. in secret, in the secret

in secret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作狀語；in the secret知道內(nèi)情，知道秘密，一般用作表語 My mother was in the secret from the beginning.

34. go to sea, by sea, by the sea

go to sea當(dāng)海員，出航，

by sea乘船，由海路，

by the sea在海邊

go by sea

35. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher

the doctor and teacher指一個(gè)人，既是醫(yī)生又是老師，

the doctor and the teacher兩個(gè)人，一個(gè)醫(yī)生和一個(gè)老師

the doctor and teacher is

36. in office, in the office

in office在職的，in the office在辦公室里He is in office, not out ofoffice.

37. in bed, on the bed

in bed臥在床上，on the bed在床上The book is on the bed. Heis ill in bed.

38. in charge of, in the charge of

in charge of管理，負(fù)責(zé)照料，in the charge of由……照料

He is in charge of thematter.

The matter is in the charge of her.

39. in class, in the class

in class在課上，in the class在班級(jí)里

He is the best student inthe class.

40. on fire, on the fire

on fire著火,on the fire在火上

Put the food on the fire.

The house is on fire.

41. out of question, out of the question

out of question毫無疑問的，out of the question不可能的

42. a second, the second

a second又一，再一，the second第……

He won the second prize.

43. it, one

it同一物體，one同類不同一

I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.

44. that, this

that指代上文所提到的，this導(dǎo)出下文所要說的

I was ill. That's why…

45. none, nothing, no one

none強(qiáng)調(diào)有多少，nothing, no one強(qiáng)調(diào)有沒有，nothing指物，no one指人--- How many…/How much…?

--- None.

46. anyone, any one

anyone指人，不能接of，any one指人物均可，可接of any one of you

47. who, what

who指姓名或關(guān)系，what指職業(yè)或地位

What is your dad? He is a teacher.

48. what, which

what的選擇基礎(chǔ)是無限制的，which在一定范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行選擇

Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?

49. not a little, not a bit

not a little非常，not a bit一點(diǎn)也不I'm not a bit tired.我一點(diǎn)兒也不累。

50. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself

by oneself單獨(dú)的，獨(dú)自的，for oneself為自己，to oneself供自己用的，of oneself自行的，自動(dòng)的

The door opened of itself.

51. high, highly

high具體的高，highly抽象的高，高度的think highly of

52. healthy, healthful

healthy健康的，健壯的，healthful有益于健康的healthful exercise

53. sleeping, asleep, sleepy

sleeping正在睡覺，asleep睡著，熟睡，只能做表語，

sleepy困的，有睡意的asleeping baby

The baby is asleep. I'm sleepy.

54. gold, golden

gold指真金制品，golden指金色的，但金魚用gold fish a gold ring

55. most, mostly

most用于表感受的肯定句中，相當(dāng)于very，當(dāng)大部分，大多數(shù)解時(shí)是形容詞或名詞，mostly大部分,是副詞most people, the people are mostly…

56. real, true

real真的，真實(shí)的，指的是事實(shí)上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事實(shí)和實(shí)際情況相符合real gold, a true story

57. respectful, respectable

respectful尊敬，有禮貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的be respectful to the aged

58.pleasant, pleased, pleasing

pleasant常用作定語，pleased, pleasing常用作表語，

pleased主語常為人，pleasing主語常為物

a pleasant trip The trip ispleasing.

59. understanding, understandable

understanding明白事理的，能體諒的，understandable可理解的，能夠懂的

an understanding girl, an understandable mistake

60.close, closely

close接近，靠近，closely緊緊地，緊密地closely connected, standclose

61. ill, sick

ill做表語，sick定，表均可a sick boy

62. good, well

good形容詞，well副詞，但指身體狀況是形容詞He is well again.

63. quiet, silent, still

quiet安靜的，可以發(fā)出小的聲音，silent不發(fā)出聲音，但可以動(dòng)，still完全不動(dòng)，完全無聲響He stand there still.他站在那兒，一動(dòng)不動(dòng)，也不說話。

64. able, capable

able與不定式to do連用，capable有能力的常與of連用

He is capable of cooking…

65. almost, nearly

二者均為"幾乎,差不多"和否定詞連用almost almost nobody

66. late, lately

late遲，晚，lately最近，近來 還可以做形容詞，最新的

I haven't seen him lately(recently).

67. living, alive, live, lively

living, alive, live均為活著的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定語后置，live只能做定語，lively意為活潑的all the living people=all the people alive

68. deep, deeply

deep具體的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地deeply moved, dig deep

69. worth, worthy

二者均為值得，worth后接doing，worthy后接to be done, of being done

It is worth visiting. = It's worthy to be visited. = It's worthy of being visited.

70. happy, glad

happy高興，幸福，定表均可，glad高興，只能做表語a happy girl

71. instead, instead of

instead是副詞，放在句首或句末，instead of是介詞短語，放在句中

He didn't see a film.Instead he watched TV.

He watched TV instead of seeing a film.

72. raise, rise

raise及物動(dòng)詞，rise不及物動(dòng)詞

The sun rises in the east.

73. bring, take, carry, fetch

bring拿來，take帶走，carry隨身攜帶，fetch去回這一往返動(dòng)作

fetch a box of chalk

74. join, join in, take part in

join加入某個(gè)組織，并成為其中的一員；join in參加小型的活動(dòng), join sb. in；take part in參加大型的活動(dòng)

He joined the army fiveyears ago.

75. learn, study

learn學(xué)習(xí)，側(cè)重學(xué)習(xí)的結(jié)果，study學(xué)習(xí)，側(cè)重學(xué)習(xí)的過程，研究

76. want, hope, wish

want打算，想要，want to do, want sb. to do,hope希望（通�？梢詫�(shí)現(xiàn)），hope to do/ hope that…

wish希望（通常不能實(shí)現(xiàn)）wish (sb.) todo, wish sb/sth. + n. I wish you success.

77. discover, invent, find out

discover發(fā)現(xiàn)本來存在但不為人所知的東西，invent發(fā)明本來不存在的物體，find out發(fā)現(xiàn)，查明At last he found out the truth

78. leave, leave for

leave離開，leave for前往He left Beijing for Shanghai.

79. rob, steal

rob搶劫rob sb. of sth.，steal偷steal sth. from sb.

80. search, search for

search后接地點(diǎn)，search for后接?xùn)|西He searched his pocket for money

81. win, lose, beat

win后接sth.，反義詞為lose, beat后接sb. win the game, beat them

82. live on, live by

live on以…為主食，live by靠…謀生live on fish/ live by fishing

83.beat,hit, strike

beat連續(xù)性地?fù)舸�；hit打中，對(duì)準(zhǔn)打；strike打一下或若干下

84. be tired of, be tiredwith/from

be tired of厭煩…，be tired with/from因?yàn)椤�而累了be tired with/from running 800 meters

85. care about, care for

care about關(guān)心，計(jì)較，在乎，一般多用于否定句中；care for關(guān)心，照料，喜歡，愿意He doesn't care about his clothes. I don't care formovies.

86. catch a cold, have a cold

catch a cold不能和表示"一段時(shí)間"的狀語連用，而have a cold可以She has had a cold for a week.

87. change for, change into

change for調(diào)換成，change into變成

Changethe shirt for a bigger one. Water changes into ice.

88. continue, last

二者均為持續(xù)，continue主動(dòng)，被動(dòng)均可，last只能用主動(dòng)

The warcontinued/lasted five years. The story is to be continued.

90. feed, raise

feed喂養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)活，飼養(yǎng)(to give food to)，

raise飼養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育(cause to grow, bring up children) raise the family

91. insist on, stick to

insist on堅(jiān)持要求，后常接doing, stick to堅(jiān)持,后常接sth. stick to the plan

92. mean to do, mean doing

mean to do打算，想要做某事，mean doing意思是，意味著

By this I mean giving thestudents more practice.

93. die from, die of

die from表示死于（槍）傷，虛弱，過度勞累，飲食過度等，die of表示死于疾病，饑餓，寒冷，年老，憂愁，失戀等精神因素die of hunger and cold

94. pay for, pay back, pay off

pay for為…付錢，pay back還錢，但不一定還清，

payoff還清payfor the book, pay off the debt(債務(wù))

95. grow, plant

grow使某種植物在某地生長(zhǎng)著或使其發(fā)展下去，plant移植，移栽已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)成秧苗的植物plant the trees, trees are growing

96. manage, try

manage to do設(shè)法做成了某事，try to do盡力去做某事但不一定成功

He tried to pass the exam, but he failed.

97. choose, select

choose憑個(gè)人的判斷力進(jìn)行選擇，select有目的地仔細(xì)認(rèn)真地選擇

choose the best answer

98. build, put up, set up, found

build一般用語，建成，put up臨時(shí)搭建，set up建成（內(nèi)部的設(shè)施基本齊全），

found國家或組織的建成putup a tent, set up a school

99. be familiar to, be familiar with

be familiar to某物對(duì)某人來說是熟悉的，be familiar with某人熟悉某物

Thebook is familiar to me. I'm familiar with the book.

100. receive, accept

receive收到某一東西，但不一定接受，accept接受I received a gift, but I didn't accept it.

101. wear, put on, dress

wear和dress表狀態(tài),wear接衣服等,可用進(jìn)行時(shí)，dress接人,be dressed in, put on表動(dòng)作

It's coldoutside. Put on your warm clothes.

102. listen, hear

listen強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，hear強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果I listened, but I heard nothing.

103. look, see, watch

look看的動(dòng)作，see看的結(jié)果，watch強(qiáng)調(diào)所看物體的變化、移動(dòng)和發(fā)展watch TV

104. lie, lay

lie躺，位于(lay, lain),說謊(lied, lied)，lay平放(laid, laid) lay the book

105. work as, act as

work as工作是…，act as充當(dāng)某種職務(wù)或身份，或扮演某種角色

He works as a teacher. He acts as an interpreter.

106. hurt, injure, wound

hurt感情上受傷，injure事故中受傷，wound戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中受傷

He was wounded in the war.

107. turn, get, grow

turn表突變，后常接表顏色的詞，get強(qiáng)調(diào)變的結(jié)果，grow強(qiáng)調(diào)過程，逐漸的變化turn yellow,gettired, grow big

108. close, shut, turn off

close和shut當(dāng)關(guān)解時(shí)可以通用，用于可開合的物體，

turn off用于指有開關(guān)的物體Close/Shut the door. Turn off the TV.

109. set out, set about, set off

指出發(fā)，著手時(shí)，set out后接to do，set about后接doing, set off后接for sp.

110. at work, in work

at work在工作，在上班，in work有職業(yè)，有工作

Both my parents are at work. They are not at home.

111. increase to, increase by

increase to增長(zhǎng)到…，increase by增長(zhǎng)了…The number increased by 2,000 to 5,000.

112. day after day, day by day

day after day日復(fù)一日（無變化）；day by day一天天地（有變化）

Trees grow taller day by day.

113. after, in (表時(shí)間)

after接時(shí)間點(diǎn)，in接時(shí)間段after 7:00, in five minutes

113.either…or…& neither…nor… & not only…but also… & both…and…[誤] Either he or I are right.[正] Either he or I am right.前三個(gè)連詞連接名詞、代詞等作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞要與離其最近的主語的單復(fù)數(shù)一致,both…and…的謂語動(dòng)詞則要用復(fù)數(shù).

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