while和when用法對(duì)比及例句分析

高中英語語法
2023/2/7
when 和 while 都有“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”的意思,都可以作連詞,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。但兩者在用法上有一定的區(qū)別。when 當(dāng)......之時(shí)(時(shí)間點(diǎn)),后接短暫性瞬間動(dòng)詞;when 在......期間(時(shí)間段),后接延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。
while和when用法的區(qū)別分析when和while的區(qū)別一:
when 當(dāng)......之時(shí)(時(shí)間點(diǎn)),后接短暫性瞬間動(dòng)詞
when 在......期間(時(shí)間段),后接延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞while在......期間(時(shí)間段),后接延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞因此,when可后接短暫性或延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,而while只能接延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。后接短暫性終止性瞬間動(dòng)詞時(shí),常用when,不用while;后接延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí),when和while?商鎿Q使用;I was reading when you came in.當(dāng)你進(jìn)來的時(shí)候,我正在看書。came是短暫性動(dòng)詞,此處when不能用while代替You came in while I was reading.= You came in when I was reading.read是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,此處when可用while代替when和while的區(qū)別二:1.表示正在做某事的期間,發(fā)生了意料之外的另一個(gè)短暫的動(dòng)作,要對(duì)比這兩件事,常用:主句(過去進(jìn)行時(shí)-持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞),when從句(一般過去時(shí)-短暫性動(dòng)詞)We were playing games happily when we heard a cry.我們正在高興地玩游戲的時(shí)候,(突然)聽見了一聲大叫。
2.若主句和從句的動(dòng)作都比較長,表示同時(shí)發(fā)生,更常用while
此時(shí)可用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)或一般時(shí)態(tài)He waited in the car while I was in the shop.當(dāng)我在店里的時(shí)候,他在車?yán)锏戎。He was watching TV while I was writing.當(dāng)我在寫作的時(shí)候,他正在看電視。
區(qū)別三:1.when可表示表示某個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生結(jié)束后緊接發(fā)生另一個(gè)動(dòng)作,而while則不可When the bell rang, John went out of the classroom.鈴聲響后,約翰走出教室。
2.若表示的時(shí)間跨度太長,一般用when比較自然,時(shí)間跨度不長,可用whileWhen I was young, I played football.當(dāng)我年輕的時(shí)候,我踢足球。While the movie was on, he left the cinema.在播放電影的時(shí)候,他離開了電影院。
while和when用法例句1.When: 所引導(dǎo)的從句謂語動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,也可以是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞;從句的時(shí)態(tài)多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)。
例句1:When I arrived home, my mother was cooking.
當(dāng)我到家進(jìn),媽媽正在做飯。
例句2: I get the giggles when I'm nervous.
我緊張時(shí)就不停地咯咯大笑。
2. while: 所引導(dǎo)的從句謂語必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞;從句一般要用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),如果主句和從句的動(dòng)作時(shí)同時(shí)進(jìn)行的,則主句也應(yīng)為進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。
例句3: The telephone rang while I was watching TV.
當(dāng)我在天電視時(shí),電話鈴響了。
例句4: I was writing a letter while my father was reading a newspaper.
我爸爸在看報(bào)紙時(shí),我正在寫信。
例句5: I will finish my homework while you help me clean the room.
你幫我打掃房間的時(shí)候我會(huì)做完我的作業(yè)。
另外,作連詞時(shí),while還有一個(gè)意思是“然而,盡管”,這個(gè)意思是when所沒有的,在考試中也會(huì)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)。
例句6: While I am willing to help, I do not have much time available.
盡管我愿意幫忙,但是沒有多少時(shí)間。