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2018年3月天津高考英語考試試題及答案

高考英語試題

2022/1/23

天津2018年3月高考英語考試試卷及答案

絕密★啟用前

2018 年 3 月普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試(天津卷)

英語筆試

本試卷分為第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分，共 130 分，考試用時

100 分鐘。第Ⅰ卷 1 至 10 頁，第Ⅱ卷 11 至 12 頁。

答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考號填寫在答題卡上，并在規(guī)定位置粘貼考試用條形碼。答卷時，考生務必將答案涂寫在答題卡上，答在試卷上的無效。考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

祝各位考生考試順利!

第Ⅰ卷

注意事項：

1.每小題選出答案后，用鉛筆將答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。

2.本卷共 55 小題，共 95 分。

第一部分：英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分 45 分)

第一節(jié)：單項填空(共 15 小題;每小題 1 分，滿分 15 分)

從A、B、C、D 四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

例：Stand over there you’ll be able to see it better.

A.or B.and C.but D.while

答案是B。

1.—Shall I tell John our secret?

—No, you mustn’t. .

A.Take it easy B.It sounds like a great idea

C.If you don’t mind D.It’s just between you and me 2.Professional skills are tools like a knife or a hammer. You need to complete the

things you want to do.

A.it B.that C.them D.ones 3.—What’s wrong with the door?

—The key has got stuck in it and come out.

A.shouldn’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.won’t

4.—I know you want to talk about this report, but I’d like to tell you about our new partner.

— . We can talk about him later.

A.Let’s stick to the point B.It’s nice of you

C.It’s really hard to say D.You’ll make it

5.It’s easy to get lost when you drive in a new city, so it’s important to a good

map before you set out.

A.study B.display C.deliver D.publish 6.Mrs. Taylor went around the shops, what she thought was necessary.

A.ordered B.ordering

C.to have ordered D.having been ordered 7.There was a long wait at the reception desk, everyone was checking in.

A.why B.which C.whom D.where 8.I jumped with joy the moment I my driver’s license in the mail.

A.receive B.received C.had received D.would receive 9.Can we stop the ______ of the world’s deserts and save the land that man depends so

much on?

A.loss B.heat C.spread D.defence 10.He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, which was his father

had expected.

A.why B.how C.that D.what 11.There have been many advances in medicine in recent years. That means money

for medical research has been well spent.

A.used B.using C.to use D.to be used 12.When people want to expand their knowledge, they usually books that offer

useful information.

A.point to B.turn to C.attend to D.belong to 13.Make sure you save all your work on screen the computer breaks down.

A.in case B.as if C.so that D.even though 14.Jane wishes that she foreign trade instead of literature when she was in college.

A.studied B.had studied

C.would study D.might have studied 15.What was it brought you two together? Was it your love of music?

A.as B.who C.that D.which

第二節(jié)：完形填空(共 20 小題;每小題 1.5 分，滿分 30 分)

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從 16～35 各題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

Years of living with a lisp (口齒不清) had taught me it was better not to say anything

than to speak and risk embarrassment. As a result of my 16 , I felt distanced from most of my peers (同齡人). “Kathy? Oh, she’s quiet.” That’s what most people would say

when they 17 me, as if “Quiet” were part of my 18 . I was okay with that. I didn’t need to be 19 .

Last September, however, that all 20 . I started my creative writing class with Ms. Haist. Every day we would be given a different writing task and, if we wished, we could 21 what we had written. I 22 listening to others read their work and thinking: “That will never be me. I’ll never have the 23 to do that.”

One day, I was really 24 with what I had written and wanted to share. My heart was beating wildly as I raised my hand. Those 25 little voices were ringing in my ear, “You have a lisp, remember? 26 , your writing isn’t that good. Be quiet.” I was about to 27 my hand when I met Ms. Haist’s encouraging eyes.

I swallowed the voices down and let my real voice 28 . I could hear it 29 as I read, and I could hear every stutter ( 結巴 ) and mistake. I finished reading, waiting to be laughed at. 30 , I heard claps from the class and praise from Ms. Haist.

The next day, I did it 31 . Soon I was reading out loud nearly every day. Gradually, I realized that 32 my lisp, the class and the teacher always appreciated my writing. Now I may still not be the most 33 , social person, but I’ve become better at oral presentations. I 34 read my poetry out loud at a reading club.

Every time those little voices try to tell me to be quiet, I think of all the encouragement I received in class and I know that I 35 to be heard.

16.A.embarrassmentB.excitementC.humorD.silence

17.A.heard fromB.talked ofC.called onD.looked for

18.A.nameB.opinionC.dutyD.business

19.A.seenB.heardC.followedD.protected

20.A.disappearedB.returnedC.developedD.changed

21.A.examineB.practiceC.shareD.copy

22.A.regretB.considerC.imagineD.remember

23.A.timeB.courageC.patienceD.evidence

24.A.busyB.strictC.pleasedD.disappointed

25.A.tiredB.urgentC.funnyD.cheerful

26.A.BesidesB.OtherwiseC.ThereforeD.Normally

27.A.touchB.waveC.extendD.withdraw

28.A.go downB.die 網址未加載e outD.calm down

29.A.shakingB.singingC.shoutingD.deepening

30.A.SadlyB.HopefullyC.HonestlyD.Unexpectedly

31.A.againB.aloneC.alreadyD.anyway

32.A.thanks toB.instead ofC.despiteD.except

33.A.seriousB.outgoingC.nervousD.hardworking

34.A.evenB.stillC.onlyD.seldom

35.A.fearB.agreeC.deserveD.pretend

第二部分：閱讀理解(共 20 小題;每小題 2.5 分，滿分 50 分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

When you choose a higher education course, here are some tips for you to follow.

Choosing your course

There are a range of subjects and courses available. Many are work-related; others are academic. You’ll need to look beyond the course title because courses with almost the same name may differ enormously. For example, if you’re interested in construction but wish to use your creative skills, you may be better suited to a building design management course than a building project management course.

Style of learning

Think about the style of learning that best suits you. It’s important to study a subject that you particularly enjoy, but if you want to follow a career in a different area, you may consider taking the subjects you want to learn and joining them into one degree. Many degree courses are made up of different subject modules which deal with particular areas of interest.

Choosing where to study

Where you study can be almost as important as what you study. One thing to consider is whether you want to live at home or move away. For some people, living at home offers the best of both worlds, but it may make sense to move if you want to study a particular course at a specific university or college. Many students value the experience of living on

campus or in a different part of the country as an important part of university life.

Finding out more about courses

Once you’ve got a list of courses that appeal to you, it’s worth looking at some other sources of information about them, like independent reports. These provide information on the numbers of students who finished the course, student satisfaction and more.

Open days

Open days usually take place in spring or autumn. Although you may have an idea about what a course is like, there’s no substitute( 替代 )for attending a class yourself. If you can’t come on the open days, you can sign up for a guided tour instead.

36.You need to look beyond the course title because courses with similar names may be .

A.creativity-focused B.work-related C.far different D.quite similar

37.What are you advised to do if your interest disagrees with your future career?

A.Add preferred subjects to your degree courses. B.Choose the subjects based on your interest.

C.Earn different degrees. D.Give up your interest.

38.What do we learn about from Para. 4?

A.Disadvantages of studying on campus. B.Reasons for choosing where to study. C.Importance of attending a nearby college. D.Problems of going to a faraway university.

39.Why is it recommended to check independent reports?

A.To increase applicants’ interest. B.To better understand a course.

C.To figure out how to complete a course. D.To find out how different the courses are.

40.On the open days, would-be college students can .

A.sign up for a particular course B.take a guided tour on the campus C.see whether there is a substitute course

D.have a first-hand experience of a course

With a satisfied smile, Keisha finished the last sentence of her English essay about one of her heroes, Rosa Parks, an important figure in the Civil Rights Movement.

“Keisha,” her mother shouted from downstairs. “It’s almost 4:15.”

“Don’t worry. I won’t be late. ” Keisha pulled down a storybook from her bookshelf， as she always read to the nursing home’s residents. And on an impulse(一時心血來潮),

she added her English notebook as well.

As Keisha came running in the door, the manager told her, “We have a new resident this week, Mrs. Ruby Watson. She’s still adjusting to her new surroundings. You’ll find her in Room 28. And by the way, Keisha, good luck.”

Keisha walked down the hallway at a quick pace. As she entered Room 28, she met two sharp brown eyes staring at her doubtfully.

“I’m Keisha Jackson, a volunteer,” Keisha explained. “I come here to help pass the time with residents, or read to them, or, . . .” Keisha started stammering( 結巴 )as Mrs. Watson continued to stare at her.

“I didn’t request anyone to keep me company,” Mrs. Watson interrupted. “I’m alone most of the time, and that’s how I prefer it.”

“I brought along some funny stories,” Keisha said hesitantly.

“I’m not in the mood for funny stories,” Mrs. Watson replied angrily. “What else do you have?”

Nervously, Keisha opened her notebook to her essay. She read the title aloud, “Rosa Parks: A Woman of Courage and Conviction(信念).” She glanced at Mrs. Watson to see

how she might react, but to her surprise, Mrs. Watson’s face relaxed and her eyes shone. “Read to me about Rosa,” Mrs. Watson said.

Keisha read how Rosa Parks’ refusal to give up her seat to a white passenger on a bus in 1955 inspired the protest that became a turning point in the struggle for civil rights.

“I walked with Rosa Parks and Dr. Martin Luther King,” Mrs. Watson said with pride. “That was the greatest moment of my life because…” She paused.

“Because… you were a woman of courage and conviction too.”

Sitting up straighter, Mrs. Watson said, “Yes, I was and I still am. Thank you for reminding me, Keisha. Next Thursday, I will tell you my story.”

41.Why did Keisha take her English notebook along?

A.Her mother asked her to take it. B.She would hand it in on her way. C.She might read her essay to someone. D.The manager wanted to read her essay.

42.Why did the manager wish Keisha good luck before she visited Mrs. Watson?

A.Mrs. Watson could be difficult. B.Mrs. Watson was in poor health. C.Keisha was feeling nervous.

D.Keisha was a shy person.

43.Mrs. Watson’s eyes (Para. 10) suggested that she was .

A.amused B.puzzled C.annoyed D.interested

44.What effect did Keisha’s essay have on Mrs. Watson?

A.It aroused her curiosity in volunteer work. B.It built up her expectation for more visitors.

C.It awoke her pride in her struggle for civil rights. D.It changed her attitude to the Civil Rights Movement.

45.Readers may find this story inspiring because .

A.a girl enjoys learning about her heroes B.a girl helps someone feel appreciated C.a woman overcomes hardship by herself D.a woman gathers the courage for life

If you were bringing friends home to visit, you could show them the way. You know the landmarks—a big red house or a bus-stop sign. But what if you were swimming in the

middle of the Atlantic Ocean? Could you still find your way home? A loggerhead turtle(海龜)could.

According to Dr. Ken Lohmann, loggerheads have a magnetic(磁力的)sense based

on Earth’s magnetic field. It helps them locate the best spots for finding food and their

home beaches.

Scientists already know that several other animals, such as whales and honeybees, can

detect(探測到)magnetic fields. The difference between them and loggerheads, however, is the way they learn to use their magnetic sense. Young whales and honeybees can learn

from adults. Loggerheads are abandoned as eggs.

As newborn loggerheads have no adults to learn from, what helps them figure out how to use their magnetic sense? Lohmann thinks one of the cues was light on the sea.

Baby loggerheads hatch only at night. However, a small amount of light reflects off the ocean. The light makes that region brighter. Heading toward the light helps them get quickly out to sea, where they can find food. Lohmann tested whether newborn

loggerheads use this light source to set their magnetic “compasses”( 羅盤 ). He and his

team put some newborns in a water tank and recorded which way they swam. Around the

tank, the scientists created a magnetic field that matched the Earth’s. They set a weak light to the east of the magnetic field. Then they let the newborns go.

At first, the newborns swam toward the light. After the scientists turned off the light, the turtles that had seen the light in the east always swam toward east. When the

researchers reversed(顛倒)the magnetic field, these turtles turned around and swam

toward the new “east”.

This and the follow-up experiments all showed that loggerheads use light from the outside world to set their magnetic “compasses” and then remember the “correct” direction. If a turtle hatches on a brightly-lit beach, that would damage its magnetic sense forever and make survival hard for the turtle.

Lohmann’s work has led others to protect the habitat of this endangered species. Yet many questions about these creatures remain unanswered, and researchers have a lot to study.

46.Loggerheads and whales differ in the way they .

A.bring up their young B.recognize landmarks C.detect magnetic fields D.learn to find directions

47.What is needed for newborn loggerheads to set their magnetic sense?

A.Weak light reflected off the ocean. B.Help from adult loggerheads.

C.Bright sunlight from the sky. D.Food in warmer waters.

48.In the experiment, after the newborns’ magnetic sense was set, their moving direction

was determined by . A.the light

B.the magnetic field

C.other unknown factors

D.the light and the magnetic field

49.What is the significance of Lohmann’s research work?

A.It enables researchers to keep track of turtles. B.It contributes to the studies of the magnetic field. C.It offers a new solution to environmental pollution.

D.It helps protect the loggerheads’ living environment.

50.What could be the best title of the passage?

A.Experiments on Loggerheads B.The Survival of the Sea Turtle

C.The Loggerhead’s Built-in “Compass” 網址未加載parison of Loggerheads and Other Animals

Most people aren’t good at creative problem solving for two reasons: (1) They are not trained in how to be creative. (2) They don’t understand group strength well enough to

harness(駕馭)their power to maximize group creativity.

A key element of creativity is applying existing knowledge to a new problem. The

more people getting involved in solving it, the more knowledge there is to work on it. Unfortunately, research shows that the traditional brainstorming methods fail to achieve that goal. When groups get together to exchange ideas, they actually come up with fewer ideas overall than if they each had worked alone.

To fix this problem, you should consider the two stages of group problem-solving:

divergence(分散)and convergence(集中). Divergence happens when the group considers as many different potential solutions as possible. Convergence happens when the various

proposed solutions are evaluated and reduced to a smaller set of candidate solutions to the current problem.

The essential principle of group creativity is that individuals working alone diverge, whereas group members working together converge. In groups, once a member states a potential solution, that makes others think about the problem similarly. That is why groups working together diverge less than individuals working alone.

Therefore, be aware of when to diverge and when to converge. For example, early in the problem-solving process, have group members work alone to write down statements describing the problem. Then get them back to discuss their descriptions. The group discussion will lead everyone to accept one or a small number of these statements to work on—this is healthy convergence.

When starting to generate solutions, you again want divergence. Have people work alone to start. Then collect people’s initial ideas and send them around to others and allow the divergence to continue as everyone individually builds on the ideas of other members.

Finally, let the group discuss the resulting ideas. This discussion will gradually lead the group to converge on a small number of candidate solutions.

This simple method works effectively, because it respects what individuals and groups do best.

51.Research shows that the traditional brainstorming methods .

A.actually limit group creativity B.greatly encourage group creativity

C.enable people to form more ideas together D.prevent people’s involvement in the problems

52.According to Para. 4, when a member presents an idea, others tend to .

A.think the other way round B.follow his way of thinking

C.be more confident in their own ideas D.be less willing to share their own ideas

53.What should group members first do early in the problem-solving process?

A.Discuss the problem. B.Simplify the problem.

C.Put down group statements together. D.Write down their individual descriptions.

54.How can each group member make changes to his initial solution?

A.By adding in collected evidence. B.By reorganizing his own words. C.By drawing on others’ ideas.

D.By making his statement briefer.

55.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?

A.To advocate a way to make group thinking more effective. B.To demonstrate the difficulty in organizing group thinking.

C.To highlight the differences between divergence and convergence. D.To show the advantage of group thinking over individual thinking.

絕密★啟用前

2018 年 3 月普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試(天津卷)

英語筆試

第Ⅱ卷

注意事項：

1.用黑色墨水的鋼筆或簽字筆將答案寫在答題卡上。

2.本卷共 6 小題，共 35 分。

第三部分：寫作

第一節(jié)：閱讀表達(共 5 小題;每小題 2 分，滿分 10 分) 閱讀短文，按照題目要求用英語回答問題。

For many teenagers, a job is a way to earn a little extra money. For me, it is more than

that.

At the age of 16, I was offered my very first job as a shopgirl in a clothing store. On

the first day, my manager was training me how to fold and organize platform after platform of clothes. The work seemed overwhelming, and everything had to be done in an accurate way. I got so impatient because I couldn’t get it right the first couple of times. After about ten tries, I had the clothes folded perfectly. Then it took me thirty minutes to get them all looking uniform. Now, I fold and organize clothes every day, and I’m able to do them well. Through this experience, I’ve learned to be patient.

Helping customers and establishing connections with them is one of the things I love most about my job. About two months ago, I helped a woman who was looking for a dress. She told me exactly what she was picturing—a blue dress with long sleeves and a lace neck. We didn’t have any such dress, and when I explained that to her, she wasn’t very happy. Instead of getting annoyed, I tried getting to know her a bit better and asked what the dress was for, so I could find other items in her size that could work. We shared our love of the Netflix fashion show, and she ended up buying $200 worth of new clothes, having found other items she liked. This experience has taught me to be more open with strangers.

Every job has its share of frustrations and challenges; to do well you must learn to deal with them. I’ve learned this from my own experience, and it has helped me in other aspects of my life as well.

56.What was the author’s first job? (no more than 5 words)

57.What is the meaning of the underlined word in Para. 2? (no more than 3 words) 58.How did the author manage to meet the customer’s needs in Para. 3? (no more than 15

words)

59.How has the author’s work experience changed her in personality? (no more than 10 words)

60.What job would you like to do? How can you help people in your work? (no more than

20 words)

第二節(jié)：書面表達(滿分 25 分)

61.

假設你是晨光中學的學生李津。你在某網站的論壇上讀到一位名為 Chris 的外國學生發(fā)的帖子，得知他有意來中國的大學學習。請根據以下提示給 Chris 留言：

(1)鼓勵他來中國留學;

(2)說明來華留學的好處(如：加深對中國的了解，對個人發(fā)展的益處等);

(3)表示愿意進一步提供幫助。注意：

(1)詞數不少于 100;

(2)可適當加入細節(jié)，使內容充實、行文連貫;

(3)開頭已給出，不計入總詞數。

絕密★啟用前

2018 年 3 月普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試(天津卷)

英語筆試參考答案

第Ⅰ卷

第一、二部分(Key to 1-55)

1. D2. C3. D4. A5. A6. B7. D8. B9. C10.D

11.A12.B13.A14.B15.C16.D17.B18.A19.B20.D

21.C22.D23.B24.C25.B26.A27.D28.C29.A30.D

31.A32.C33.B34.A35.C36.C37.A38.B39.B40.D

41.C42.A43.D44.C45.B46.D47.A48.B49.D50.C

51.A52.B53.D54.C55.A

第 Ⅱ 卷第三部分第一節(jié)

Some possible answers:

56.Selling clothes.

Or: She sold clothes.

Or: She worked as a shopgirl. Or: Working in a clothing store. Or: Working as a shopgirl.

Or: She was a shopgirl.

57.Huge and difficult.

Or: Too much/Beyond me.

Or: Difficult/Tough/Hard/Frustrating. Or: Challenging/Demanding.

Or: Great in amount.

58.She learned about the customer’s interest and helped her get the clothes that suited her.

Or: By learning about the customer’s taste and what her dress was for. Or: She helped the customer to get the clothes she liked.

59.It has made her patient and more open with people/ strangers.

Or: She is (more) patient and more open with people/ strangers.

Or: She has become (more) patient and more open with people/ strangers. Or: She is more patient and open facing frustrations and challenges.

60.I’d like to be a teacher. I can help children acquire knowledge and grow up.

Or: I’d like to be a doctor so that I can improve people’s health and save their lives. Or: I’d like to be a policeman. I can protect people from danger and create a safe living environment.

* 以上答案僅供參考評分標準